Open games & French

Petrov's Defense

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6

The Petrov's Defense starts with 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 and is catalogued under ECO C42, in the open games & french half of the book. The catalog indexes 50 lines inside it, grouped into 43 named variations, and the position after those moves has 1 playable continuation to walk from here.

Opening repertoire map

Root edges show how often each move is played around your Elo. Use the arrow on a position to reveal the next replies.

Current position
Petrov's Defense: Classical Attack, Mason-Showalter Variation
Popularity by Elo
Share of Lichess blitz, rapid, and classical games that continued with each move.
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Current setup

Move ideas

  1. 1.e4

    Claims the center with a pawn and opens lines for the queen and king’s bishop.

    Idea: Build quick development and make early castling possible.

  2. 1e5

    Meets White’s center directly and opens lines for Black’s queen and bishop.

    Idea: Fight for equal central space in a balanced, open position.

  3. 2.Nf3

    Develops the king’s knight and attacks Black’s e5-pawn.

    Idea: Increase central pressure while getting ready to castle.

  4. 2Nf6

    Develops the knight to f6, bringing it into the game.

    Idea: Improve piece coordination and clear the back rank for castling and the rooks.

  5. 3.Nxe5

    Captures the pawn on e5 and changes the local pawn or piece balance.

    Idea: Remove an active defender and improve the moving piece’s influence.

  6. 3d6

    Advances to d6 to claim central space and control nearby key squares.

    Idea: Give the pieces room to develop behind a durable central foothold.

  7. 4.Nf3

    Repositions the knight to f3, where it influences a new part of the board.

    Idea: Improve the piece’s activity and support the next stage of the plan.

  8. 4Nxe4

    Captures the pawn on e4 and changes the local pawn or piece balance.

    Idea: Remove an active defender and improve the moving piece’s influence.

  9. 5.d4

    Advances to d4 to claim central space and control nearby key squares.

    Idea: Give the pieces room to develop behind a durable central foothold.

  10. 5d5

    Advances to d5 to claim central space and control nearby key squares.

    Idea: Give the pieces room to develop behind a durable central foothold.

  11. 6.Bd3

    Develops the bishop to d3, bringing it into the game.

    Idea: Improve piece coordination and clear the back rank for castling and the rooks.

  12. 6Nc6

    Develops the knight to c6, bringing it into the game.

    Idea: Improve piece coordination and clear the back rank for castling and the rooks.

  13. 7.O-O

    Tucks the king away and activates the rook in a single move.

    Idea: Finish kingside development so the central pieces can coordinate safely.

  14. 7Be7

    Develops the bishop to e7, bringing it into the game.

    Idea: Improve piece coordination and clear the back rank for castling and the rooks.

  15. 8.Re1

    Repositions the rook to e1, where it influences a new part of the board.

    Idea: Improve the piece’s activity and support the next stage of the plan.

  16. 8Bg4

    Develops the bishop to g4, bringing it into the game.

    Idea: Improve piece coordination and clear the back rank for castling and the rooks.

  17. 9.c3

    Advances the c-pawn to gain queenside space and control new squares.

    Idea: Create useful wing space while keeping the central structure flexible.

Book continuations

Waiting for Lichess game popularity.

1 move

Named variations

Each line below is an indexed entry under Petrov's Defense. Open one to load it on the board and keep exploring from that position.

19 more named lines sit inside this family — the tree above walks all of them.

ECO groups openings by the structures they lead to, so these families tend to share plans with the Petrov's Defense.